| Homogeneous equilibrium | Heterogeneous equilibrium |
| $I$. $A$ system in which all the reactants and products are in the same phase is called homogeneous equilibrium. | $I$. $A$ system having more than one phase is called heterogeneous equilibrium. |
| $II$. In homogeneous reactions,all components are in the gas,aqueous,or liquid phase. Examples: $2HI_{(g)} \rightleftharpoons H_{2(g)} + I_{2(g)}$ $Fe^{3+}_{(aq)} + SCN^{-}_{(aq)} \rightleftharpoons [Fe(SCN)]^{2+}_{(aq)}$ $CH_{3}COOH_{(l)} + C_{2}H_{5}OH_{(l)} \rightleftharpoons CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5(l)} + H_{2}O_{(l)}$ | $II$. In heterogeneous equilibrium,components exist in different phases (gas,liquid,or solid). Examples: $CaCO_{3(s)} \rightleftharpoons CaO_{(s)} + CO_{2(g)}$ $Ag_{2}O_{(s)} + 2HNO_{3(aq)} \rightleftharpoons 2AgNO_{3(aq)} + H_{2}O_{(l)}$ |
| $III$. All components are included in the expression of the equilibrium constant. | $III$. Pure solids and pure liquids are ignored in the expression of the equilibrium constant. |
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